STRASMORE/EXPLORE 3,256 QUERIES 22Y EQUITIES · 12Y OPTIONS

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What Is a High VIX? Levels and Extremes
SPY realized volatility by calendar year, with the biggest day and the count of 2%+ sessionsranking · 2026-10-04 · 23×4Preview: 16 ranked values, smallest first. SPY daily closes from the VIX record close (March 16, 2020) through March 27series · 2026-10-04 · 10×4Preview: a 10-point series, ending higher. SPY on August 5, 2024, in half-hour buckets (ET): the low and the close of eachseries · 2026-10-04 · 13×3Preview: a 13-point series, ending higher. SPY 30-day at-the-money implied volatility, sessions per VIX-style rungranking · 2026-10-04 · 4×4Preview: 4 ranked values, largest first.
Did Stocks Take 25 Years to Recover From 1929?
SPY cash distributions each year, as a percent of the year's opening share priceranking · 2026-10-04 · 19×2Preview: 16 ranked values, smallest first. Price weight vs market-cap weight across eight large US namesranking · 2026-10-04 · 8×4Preview: 8 ranked values, largest first. SPY from its October 2007 peak month: price only vs dividends reinvestedtable · 2026-10-04 · 75×4
Warren Buffett's Index Put Trade Explained
Two index tracking funds, rebased to 100 at their first year in the recordranking · 2026-09-30 · 22×3Preview: 16 ranked values, smallest first. Every 15 year stretch in the SPY record, by finishing levelranking · 2026-09-30 · 4×4Preview: 4 ranked values, largest first. Berkshire annual reported net income against operating cash flow ($bn)series · 2026-09-30 · 10×4Preview: a 10-point series, roughly flat.
When Did the US Stock Market Start? 1792
Trading sessions by day of the week, calendar year 2019series · 2026-09-28 · 7×3Preview: a 7-point series, roughly flat. Where SPY volume lands inside the day, 30 minute buckets, October 2024series · 2026-09-28 · 32×3Preview: a 16-point series, roughly flat. The single busiest clock minute of the month, October 2024ranking · 2026-09-28 · 5×3Preview: 5 ranked values, largest first. Weekdays with no US equity session, 2014 through 2023ranking · 2026-09-28 · 10×2Preview: 10 ranked values, smallest first.
March 24, 2020: The Day the Market Turned
Did it hold? The retest that never came, and two recovery clocksscalar · 2026-09-28 · 1×12338.31 March 24, 2020 ranked against every SPY session on the minute tapescalar · 2026-09-28 · 1×115,613 SPY by half-hour: March 24, 2020 regular session, closing cross print in the final half hourseries · 2026-09-28 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, ending higher. SPY on March 24, 2020: the turn, receiptedscalar · 2026-09-28 · 1×11222.51 SPY daily close, drawdown, and the 10-year yield: Feb 19 to Mar 23, 2020series · 2026-09-28 · 24×4Preview: a 16-point series, ending lower. March 24, 2020 across index and sector ETFs: everything up, cyclicals firstranking · 2026-09-28 · 12×4Preview: 12 ranked values, smallest first. SPY closes, March 23-26, 2020: the three-day burstseries · 2026-09-28 · 4×4Preview: a 4-point series, ending lower.
COVID Crash 2020: Four Halts, Peak to Trough
10-year and 3-month Treasury yields through the crash, daily closesseries · 2026-09-28 · 31×3Preview: a 16-point series, ending lower. SPY options: puts vs calls traded, March 2–13, 2020 (millions of contracts)series · 2026-09-28 · 10×4Preview: a 10-point series, roughly flat. March 9 and full-crash moves: cruise, airline, energy, bank, tech, staples vs SPYranking · 2026-09-28 · 7×3Preview: 7 ranked values, smallest first. SPY by half-hour: March 9, 2020 regular session, closing cross print in the final half hourseries · 2026-09-28 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, ending higher. SPY on March 9, 2020: the circuit-breaker session, receiptedscalar · 2026-09-28 · 1×11297.42 The COVID crash, peak to trough to recovery: SPY daily closes, one rowscalar · 2026-09-28 · 1×11338.31 The four circuit-breaker sessions of March 2020: SPY close, change, volumeseries · 2026-09-28 · 4×4Preview: a 4-point series, ending higher.
The September Effect: Is It Real? SPY Data
The three worst SPY Septembers on recordranking · 2026-09-26 · 3×2Preview: 3 ranked values, smallest first. SPY September price return, year by yearranking · 2026-09-26 · 22×2Preview: 16 ranked values, smallest first. SPY monthly price returns by calendar month, complete years onlytable · 2026-09-26 · 12×6 Average September vs. the other eleven months, by decaderanking · 2026-09-26 · 3×4Preview: 3 ranked values, largest first.
Short Selling Bans Explained: US, Germany, EU
What ESMA measured during the 2020 bans (published estimates, % versus the control group)ranking · 2026-09-15 · 4×2Preview: 4 ranked values, largest first. Every outright short selling ban since 2008, dated to the order that set ittable · 2026-09-15 · 9×5
Biggest Short Squeezes in History, Ranked
Peak multiple: highest print divided by the last close before the squeezeranking · 2026-09-12 · 5×4Preview: 5 ranked values, largest first. Market value swing: capitalization before the squeeze and at the peak, billionstable · 2026-09-12 · 2×5 Documented short-seller losses, billions, as estimated at the timetable · 2026-09-12 · 3×5
The 2011 US Downgrade: Black Monday's Tape
The ten worst SPY sessions, 2003–2025: August 8, 2011 is the odd one outseries · 2026-07-26 · 10×5Preview: a 10-point series, roughly flat. Treasury yields through the downgrade window, August 1–15, 2011series · 2026-07-26 · 11×5Preview: a 11-point series, ending lower. The recovery, dated: reclaim, failed hold, true bottom, and the last close belowscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×9120.03 SPY by half-hour: August 8, 2011 regular sessionseries · 2026-07-26 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, ending higher. August 8, 2011 across the tape: banks, staples, gold, and the fear gaugeranking · 2026-07-26 · 9×4Preview: 9 ranked values, smallest first. SPY on August 8, 2011: the downgrade Monday, receiptedscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×11120.03 SPY closes, August 8-12, 2011: crash, rip, crash, ripseries · 2026-07-26 · 5×4Preview: a 5-point series, ending lower.
Feb 24, 2022: War at the Open, Green by Close
2-year and 10-year Treasury yields, February 18 – March 8, 2022 (%)series · 2026-07-26 · 12×3Preview: a 12-point series, ending lower. QQQ sessions since 2003: intraday low ≤ −3% vs prior close AND close ≥ +1%series · 2026-07-26 · 2×4Preview: a 2-point series, ending lower. QQQ by half-hour: February 24, 2022 regular sessionseries · 2026-07-26 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, ending lower. After the reversal: when QQQ broke the invasion-day low, and how far it fellscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×10340.65 QQQ on February 24, 2022: the invasion-day reversal, receiptedscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×14329.41 Eleven tickers on February 24, 2022: gap, intraday extremes, close (% vs prior close)table · 2026-07-26 · 11×6 QQQ daily closes, February 22 – March 14, 2022series · 2026-07-26 · 15×4Preview: a 15-point series, roughly flat.
Tesla's Bitcoin 10-K: Feb 8, 2021 on the Tape
Was February 8 a big day for TSLA? Its own prior five months as the yardstickscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×4109 February 8, 2021 across the bitcoin-adjacent names: close-to-close change, ET regular hoursranking · 2026-07-26 · 6×2Preview: 6 ranked values, largest first. The 2022 exit: the July 20 disclosure 8-K on file, and TSLA's next sessionscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×51 TSLA by half-hour: February 8, 2021 regular sessionseries · 2026-07-26 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, ending lower. TSLA options on February 8, 2021 vs the prior 20 sessions: contracts and put/call mixscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×70.85 TSLA's next 20 sessions: every close indexed to the February 8, 2021 closeseries · 2026-07-26 · 21×3Preview: a 16-point series, ending lower. Tesla's SEC filings dated February 8, 2021: plus the year-end cash the purchase came out ofscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×51 TSLA on February 8, 2021: the disclosure session, receiptedscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×11852.61
NVDA's May 2023 Earnings: The AI Gap
The trillion-dollar crossing, receipted: first touch and first close above $404.86scalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×9197 NVDA daily closes from the pre-gap session through mid-June 2023series · 2026-07-26 · 17×4Preview: a 16-point series, ending higher. NVDA options: contracts, trades, call share, and premium by sessionseries · 2026-07-26 · 7×5Preview: a 7-point series, ending higher. NVDA: May 24, 2023 official close vs May 25 open, the overnight repricingscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×5305.41 NVDA's ten largest overnight gaps up, 2003-presentseries · 2026-07-26 · 10×4Preview: a 10-point series, ending lower. NVDA on May 25, 2023: trading the day after the guidancescalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×12305.41 May 25, 2023, close to close: the semiconductor complex around NVDA's gapranking · 2026-07-26 · 9×4Preview: 9 ranked values, largest first.
March 9, 2009: The Bottom, On the Tape
The turn week: SPY, Citigroup, and the 10-year yield, March 9-13series · 2026-07-26 · 5×6Preview: a 5-point series, roughly flat. One year off the low: the crisis epicenter vs the broad markettable · 2026-07-26 · 9×5 SPY by half-hour: March 9, 2009 regular sessionseries · 2026-07-26 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, roughly flat. Peak to trough to round trip: the whole crisis in one rowscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×6156.41 Sixteen weeks after the low: weekly lows, closes, and the running minimumranking · 2026-07-26 · 16×4Preview: 16 ranked values, smallest first. SPY on March 9, 2009: the generational low, receiptedscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×1468.84 Four major lows: SPY forward returns at three and twelve monthsseries · 2026-07-26 · 4×4Preview: a 4-point series, ending higher.
Lehman's Collapse: The 2008 Tape, Replayed
The ten worst SPY sessions, 2003-2025, plus where Lehman Monday ranksseries · 2026-07-26 · 11×5Preview: a 11-point series, roughly flat. The full bear market: SPY peak close to trough close, and the road backscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×11156.41 SPY by half-hour: September 15, 2008 regular sessionseries · 2026-07-26 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, ending higher. LEH month-end closes, January 2007 to the September 2008 filingseries · 2026-07-26 · 21×3Preview: a 16-point series, ending lower. The financials in Lehman week: Friday 9/12 close to Friday 9/19 closetable · 2026-07-26 · 6×8 SPY on September 15, 2008: the Lehman Monday, receiptedscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×11125.75 SPY closes and Treasury yields, September 15-19, 2008: the whipsaw weekseries · 2026-07-26 · 5×6Preview: a 5-point series, ending higher.
GameStop, Jan 28, 2021: $483 to $112 by Noon
GME reported short interest by settlement date: November 2020 to February 2021ranking · 2026-07-26 · 8×3Preview: 8 ranked values, largest first. GME daily close and volume: December 1, 2020 to January 27, 2021 (as-traded prices)series · 2026-07-26 · 39×4Preview: a 16-point series, ending higher. GME by half-hour: January 28, 2021 regular sessionseries · 2026-07-26 · 13×4Preview: a 13-point series, ending lower. GME options trades by session: January 25–28, 2021series · 2026-07-26 · 4×6Preview: a 4-point series, ending lower. GME on January 28, 2021: receipted (as-traded, pre-2022-split prices)scalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×14345 The restricted names on January 28, 2021: prior close vs close (ET regular session)ranking · 2026-07-26 · 5×4Preview: 5 ranked values, largest first. GME daily close and volume: January 29 to February 9, 2021series · 2026-07-26 · 8×4Preview: a 8-point series, ending lower.
The 2010 Flash Crash, Minute by Minute
Crash-window damage by name: low vs the 2:30 pm ET referencetable · 2026-07-26 · 6×6 SPY on May 6, 2010: the flash crash day, receiptedscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×10116.83 SPY at one-minute resolution, 2:00–3:30 pm ET on May 6, 2010table · 2026-07-26 · 90×4 The steepest single minutes: biggest open-to-low drops, 2:00–3:30 pm ETtable · 2026-07-26 · 5×5 Five famous crash sessions: depth of the low and the bounce off it (SPY)series · 2026-07-26 · 5×4Preview: a 5-point series, roughly flat. The aftermath: when the May 5 close was reclaimed, and when the panic low broke for realscalar · 2026-07-26 · 1×7105 The famous casualties on the raw trade tape, 2:30–3:30 pm ETtable · 2026-07-26 · 4×6
SPY realized volatility by calendar year, with the biggest day and the count of 2%+ sessions

SPY realized volatility by calendar year, with the biggest day and the count of 2%+ sessions

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SPY realized volatility by calendar year, with the biggest day and the count of 2%+ sessions — 23 rows by 4 columns, computed from US exchange, SIP and OPRA data.
yearrealized_vol_pctlargest_move_pctmoves_over_2pct
200411.21.80
200510.31.90
200610.12.12
200715.93.914
200841.114.570
200926.67.250
201017.94.422
201123.16.533
201212.82.57
201311.12.64
201411.32.54
201515.64.211
201613.23.610
20176.81.80
201817.25.119
201912.63.37
202033.810.942
202113.12.48
202224.35.546
202313.22.32
202412.637
202519.310.514
202613.12.94
the exact SQL behind every number
SELECT
    toYear(d)                                                AS year,
    round(stddevSamp(log(c / prev_c)) * sqrt(252) * 100, 1)  AS realized_vol_pct,
    round(max(abs(c / prev_c - 1)) * 100, 1)                 AS largest_move_pct,
    countIf(abs(c / prev_c - 1) >= 0.02)                     AS moves_over_2pct
FROM
(
    SELECT
        d,
        c,
        lagInFrame(c, 1) OVER (ORDER BY d ASC ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) AS prev_c
    FROM
    (
        SELECT
            date                    AS d,
            toFloat64(any(close))   AS c
        FROM global_markets.stocks_daily_aggs
        WHERE ticker = 'SPY'
          AND date >= '2003-12-01'
        GROUP BY d
    )
)
WHERE d >= '2004-01-01'
  AND prev_c > 0
GROUP BY year
ORDER BY year
$