STRASMORE/EXPLORE 2,173 QUERIES 22Y EQUITIES · 12Y OPTIONS

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Brier Score: How to Grade a Forecast
Brier score of the market's own stated probability, by underlyingranking · 2026-08-13 · 6×4Preview: 6 ranked values, smallest first. The market's Brier score across expiry horizons, SPYranking · 2026-08-13 · 6×4Preview: 6 ranked values, smallest first. SPY option deltas against how often those contracts finished in the moneyranking · 2026-08-13 · 10×4Preview: 10 ranked values, smallest first.
Brier score of the market's own stated probability, by underlying

Brier score of the market's own stated probability, by underlying

most recentas of ranking 6×4read in context →
Brier score of the market's own stated probability, by underlying — 6 rows by 4 columns, computed from US exchange, SIP and OPRA data.
symbolmarket_briercoin_flip_briergraded_contracts
NVDA0.11220.2528.54 thousand
TSLA0.11250.2542.23 thousand
AAPL0.11730.2514.98 thousand
MSFT0.13380.2522.61 thousand
KO0.13410.258.61 thousand
SPY0.13750.2579.74 thousand
the exact SQL behind every number
WITH settle AS
(
    SELECT
        underlying_symbol                AS sym,
        date                             AS settle_date,
        any(toFloat64(underlying_close)) AS settle_px
    FROM global_markets.options_greeks
    WHERE underlying_symbol IN ('SPY', 'AAPL', 'MSFT', 'NVDA', 'KO', 'TSLA')
      AND date >= '2025-01-01'
      AND date <  '2026-08-01'
    GROUP BY sym, settle_date
),
scored AS
(
    SELECT
        g.underlying_symbol                             AS symbol,
        abs(toFloat64(g.delta))                         AS stated,
        startsWith(lower(toString(g.option_type)), 'c') AS is_call,
        if(is_call,
           s.settle_px > toFloat64(g.strike_price),
           s.settle_px < toFloat64(g.strike_price))     AS finished_itm
    FROM global_markets.options_greeks AS g
    INNER JOIN settle AS s
        ON s.sym = g.underlying_symbol AND s.settle_date = g.expiration_date
    WHERE g.underlying_symbol IN ('SPY', 'AAPL', 'MSFT', 'NVDA', 'KO', 'TSLA')
      AND g.date >= '2025-01-01'
      AND g.date <  '2026-06-01'
      AND g.expiration_date <= '2026-07-31'
      AND g.days_to_expiry BETWEEN 28 AND 35
      AND g.iv_converged = 1
      AND g.volume > 0
      AND abs(g.delta) > 0.02
      AND abs(g.delta) < 0.98
)
SELECT
    symbol,
    round(avg((stated - finished_itm) * (stated - finished_itm)), 4) AS market_brier,
    round(avg((0.5 - finished_itm) * (0.5 - finished_itm)), 4)       AS coin_flip_brier,
    formatReadableQuantity(count())                                  AS graded_contracts
FROM scored
GROUP BY symbol
ORDER BY market_brier
$