Brier score of the market's own stated probability, by underlying
Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-08-13, from Brier Score: How to Grade a Forecast.
| symbol | market_brier | coin_flip_brier | graded_contracts |
|---|---|---|---|
| NVDA | 0.1122 | 0.25 | 28.54 thousand |
| TSLA | 0.1125 | 0.25 | 42.23 thousand |
| AAPL | 0.1173 | 0.25 | 14.98 thousand |
| MSFT | 0.1338 | 0.25 | 22.61 thousand |
| KO | 0.1341 | 0.25 | 8.61 thousand |
| SPY | 0.1375 | 0.25 | 79.74 thousand |
- Rows × columns
- 6 × 4
- Computed
- Completeness
- No missing values
- Source
- US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
- Licence
- Strasmore terms · free, no signup
What each column holds
| Column | Type | Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
symbol |
text | 6 distinct values (AAPL, KO, MSFT…) | |
market_brier |
number | 0.1122 to 0.1375 | |
coin_flip_brier |
number | every row is 0.25 | |
graded_contracts |
text | 6 distinct values |
Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.
the exact SQL behind every number
WITH settle AS
(
SELECT
underlying_symbol AS sym,
date AS settle_date,
any(toFloat64(underlying_close)) AS settle_px
FROM global_markets.options_greeks
WHERE underlying_symbol IN ('SPY', 'AAPL', 'MSFT', 'NVDA', 'KO', 'TSLA')
AND date >= '2025-01-01'
AND date < '2026-08-01'
GROUP BY sym, settle_date
),
scored AS
(
SELECT
g.underlying_symbol AS symbol,
abs(toFloat64(g.delta)) AS stated,
startsWith(lower(toString(g.option_type)), 'c') AS is_call,
if(is_call,
s.settle_px > toFloat64(g.strike_price),
s.settle_px < toFloat64(g.strike_price)) AS finished_itm
FROM global_markets.options_greeks AS g
INNER JOIN settle AS s
ON s.sym = g.underlying_symbol AND s.settle_date = g.expiration_date
WHERE g.underlying_symbol IN ('SPY', 'AAPL', 'MSFT', 'NVDA', 'KO', 'TSLA')
AND g.date >= '2025-01-01'
AND g.date < '2026-06-01'
AND g.expiration_date <= '2026-07-31'
AND g.days_to_expiry BETWEEN 28 AND 35
AND g.iv_converged = 1
AND g.volume > 0
AND abs(g.delta) > 0.02
AND abs(g.delta) < 0.98
)
SELECT
symbol,
round(avg((stated - finished_itm) * (stated - finished_itm)), 4) AS market_brier,
round(avg((0.5 - finished_itm) * (0.5 - finished_itm)), 4) AS coin_flip_brier,
formatReadableQuantity(count()) AS graded_contracts
FROM scored
GROUP BY symbol
ORDER BY market_brier
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