STRASMORE/EXPLORE 2,170 QUERIES

AAPL: NBBO quote updates on the latest session

Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-08-22, from How Do Market Makers Make Money? The Spread.

as of scalar 1×4read in context →
session
2026-08-19
updates millions
1.2
avg per minute
1,246
busiest second
2,949
Rows × columns
1 × 4
Period covered
Computed
Completeness
No missing values
Source
US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
Licence
Strasmore terms · free, no signup
Formats
JSON · CSV · the SQL below

What each column holds

Column definitions for AAPL: NBBO quote updates on the latest session, derived from the stored result.
ColumnTypeRangeNotes
session date 2026-08-19
updates_millions number every row is 1.2
avg_per_minute number every row is 1,246
busiest_second number every row is 2,949

Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.

the exact SQL behind every number
WITH (
  SELECT max(toDate(sip_timestamp))
  FROM global_markets.cache_stocks_quotes
  WHERE ticker = 'AAPL' AND sip_timestamp >= now() - INTERVAL 7 DAY
) AS last_session
SELECT
  toString(last_session) AS session,
  round(sum(updates) / 1e6, 2) AS updates_millions,
  round(sum(updates) / dateDiff('minute', min(second), max(second))) AS avg_per_minute,
  max(updates)                 AS busiest_second
FROM (
  SELECT toStartOfSecond(sip_timestamp) AS second, count() AS updates
  FROM global_markets.cache_stocks_quotes
  WHERE ticker = 'AAPL'
    AND sip_timestamp >= now() - INTERVAL 7 DAY
    AND toDate(sip_timestamp) = last_session
  GROUP BY second
)

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