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How far SPY travels over one session, and over sixty three

Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-08-22, from The Rule of 16 in Options, and When It Breaks.

as of ranking 7×4read in context →
How far SPY travels over one session, and over sixty three — 7 rows by 4 columns, computed from US exchange, SIP and OPRA data.
horizonmove_pctdaily_equivalent_pctsample_count
1 session0.970.97753
2 sessions1.310.93752
5 sessions2.010.9749
10 sessions2.720.86744
21 sessions3.80.83733
42 sessions5.280.81712
63 sessions5.890.74691
Rows × columns
7 × 4
Computed
Completeness
No missing values
Source
US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
Licence
Strasmore terms · free, no signup
Formats
JSON · CSV · the SQL below

What each column holds

Column definitions for How far SPY travels over one session, and over sixty three, derived from the stored result.
ColumnTypeRangeNotes
horizon text 7 distinct values (1 session, 10 sessions, 2 sessions…)
move_pct number 0.97 to 5.89 percent
daily_equivalent_pct number 0.74 to 0.97 percent
sample_count number 691 to 753 count

Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.

the exact SQL behind every number
SELECT
    horizon,
    round(sqrt(arrayReduce('varPop', returns)) * 100, 2)           AS move_pct,
    round(sqrt(arrayReduce('varPop', returns)) * 100 / sqrt(h), 2) AS daily_equivalent_pct,
    length(returns)                                                AS sample_count
FROM
(
    SELECT
        hz.h                                                          AS h,
        concat(toString(hz.h), if(hz.h = 1, ' session', ' sessions')) AS horizon,
        arrayMap((later, earlier) -> (later / earlier) - 1,
                 arraySlice(spy.closes, hz.h + 1),
                 arraySlice(spy.closes, 1, length(spy.closes) - hz.h)) AS returns
    FROM
    (
        SELECT arrayJoin([1, 2, 5, 10, 21, 42, 63]) AS h
    ) AS hz
    CROSS JOIN
    (
        SELECT arrayMap(t -> t.2, arraySort(t -> t.1, groupArray((session_date, close_px)))) AS closes
        FROM
        (
            SELECT
                date                   AS session_date,
                toFloat64(max(close))  AS close_px
            FROM global_markets.stocks_daily_aggs
            WHERE ticker = 'SPY'
              AND date >= today() - 1100
              AND date <  today() - 1
            GROUP BY session_date
        )
    ) AS spy
)
WHERE length(returns) > 100
ORDER BY h

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