The hindsight ceiling: SPY buy and hold, the same year without its biggest up days, and perfect one-day foresight

Run it yourself

This is the exact query behind the result above. Change a ticker, a date or a column and run it against the warehouse — no account, no key. The no-signup tier is smaller than the one this page was computed on; a query that reaches past it comes back saying which plan runs it.

WITH bars AS (
    SELECT date,
           toFloat64(close) AS c,
           any(toFloat64(close)) OVER (ORDER BY date ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 PRECEDING) AS prev_c
    FROM global_markets.stocks_daily_aggs
    WHERE ticker = 'SPY'
      AND date >= toDate('2015-12-01')
      AND date <= toDate('2025-12-31')
),
rets AS (
    SELECT toYear(date) AS year,
           c / prev_c - 1 AS r
    FROM bars
    WHERE date >= toDate('2016-01-01')
      AND prev_c > 0
)
SELECT year,
       count() AS sessions,
       round(100 * (exp(sum(log(1 + r))) - 1), 1) AS buy_and_hold_pct,
       round(100 * (exp(sumIf(log(1 + r), r < 0.02)) - 1), 1) AS without_big_up_days_pct,
       round(exp(sum(log(1 + abs(r)))), 1) AS hindsight_ceiling_multiple
FROM rets
GROUP BY year
ORDER BY year