Training rank against holdout result: 240 trials cut into fifths
Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-08-02, from Can an LLM Find Alpha Factors?.
| training_group | avg_in_sample_sharpe | avg_out_of_sample_sharpe |
|---|---|---|
| best fifth in training | 0.66 | 0.01 |
| second fifth | 0.26 | 0.02 |
| middle fifth | -0.01 | -0.08 |
| fourth fifth | -0.24 | -0.03 |
| worst fifth in training | -0.63 | 0.13 |
- Rows × columns
- 5 × 3
- Computed
- Completeness
- No missing values
- Source
- US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
- Licence
- Strasmore terms · free, no signup
What each column holds
| Column | Type | Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
training_group |
text | 5 distinct values | |
avg_in_sample_sharpe |
number | -0.63 to 0.66 | |
avg_out_of_sample_sharpe |
number | -0.08 to 0.13 |
Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.
Run it yourself
This is the exact query behind the result above. Change a ticker, a date or a column and run it against the warehouse — no account, no key. The no-signup tier is smaller than the one this page was computed on; a query that reaches past it comes back saying which plan runs it.
WITH month_end AS (
SELECT ticker,
toStartOfMonth(toDate(toTimeZone(window_start, 'America/New_York'))) AS month_start,
argMax(toFloat64(close), window_start) AS close_px
FROM global_markets.delayed_stocks_minute_aggs
WHERE ticker IN ('AAPL','ADBE','AMZN','BA','CAT','COST','CRM','CSCO','CVX','DE',
'DUK','GE','GOOGL','HD','HON','IBM','INTC','JNJ','JPM','KO',
'LMT','MCD','MMM','MRK','MSFT','NKE','NVDA','ORCL','PEP','PFE',
'PG','QCOM','SO','T','TGT','TXN','UNP','VZ','WMT','XOM')
AND toDate(toTimeZone(window_start, 'America/New_York')) >= toDate('2015-12-01')
AND toDate(toTimeZone(window_start, 'America/New_York')) <= toDate('2026-06-30')
AND toDayOfMonth(toTimeZone(window_start, 'America/New_York')) >= 22
AND (toHour(toTimeZone(window_start, 'America/New_York')) * 60
+ toMinute(toTimeZone(window_start, 'America/New_York'))) BETWEEN 570 AND 959
GROUP BY ticker, month_start
),
lagged AS (
SELECT ticker,
month_start,
close_px,
lagInFrame(close_px) OVER (PARTITION BY ticker ORDER BY month_start
ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW) AS prev_px
FROM month_end
),
monthly_return AS (
SELECT ticker, month_start, close_px / prev_px - 1 AS ret
FROM lagged
WHERE prev_px > 0
AND month_start >= toDate('2016-01-01')
),
trial AS (
SELECT arrayJoin(range(1, 241)) AS n
),
factor_month AS (
SELECT t.n AS trial_id,
m.month_start AS month_start,
avgIf(m.ret, bitAnd(cityHash64(m.ticker, toString(m.month_start), t.n), 1) = 1)
- avgIf(m.ret, bitAnd(cityHash64(m.ticker, toString(m.month_start), t.n), 1) = 0) AS long_short_ret
FROM monthly_return AS m
CROSS JOIN trial AS t
GROUP BY trial_id, month_start
HAVING countIf(bitAnd(cityHash64(m.ticker, toString(m.month_start), t.n), 1) = 1) > 0
AND countIf(bitAnd(cityHash64(m.ticker, toString(m.month_start), t.n), 1) = 0) > 0
),
scored AS (
SELECT trial_id,
avgIf(long_short_ret, month_start < toDate('2021-07-01'))
/ stddevSampIf(long_short_ret, month_start < toDate('2021-07-01')) * sqrt(12) AS in_sample_sharpe,
avgIf(long_short_ret, month_start >= toDate('2021-07-01'))
/ stddevSampIf(long_short_ret, month_start >= toDate('2021-07-01')) * sqrt(12) AS out_of_sample_sharpe
FROM factor_month
GROUP BY trial_id
HAVING countIf(month_start < toDate('2021-07-01')) >= 24
AND countIf(month_start >= toDate('2021-07-01')) >= 24
),
ranked AS (
SELECT trial_id,
in_sample_sharpe,
out_of_sample_sharpe,
row_number() OVER (ORDER BY in_sample_sharpe DESC) AS in_sample_rank
FROM scored
)
SELECT multiIf(in_sample_rank <= 48, 'best fifth in training',
in_sample_rank <= 96, 'second fifth',
in_sample_rank <= 144, 'middle fifth',
in_sample_rank <= 192, 'fourth fifth',
'worst fifth in training') AS training_group,
round(avg(in_sample_sharpe), 2) AS avg_in_sample_sharpe,
round(avg(out_of_sample_sharpe), 2) AS avg_out_of_sample_sharpe
FROM ranked
GROUP BY training_group
ORDER BY min(in_sample_rank)
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