STRASMORE/EXPLORE 2,985 QUERIES

pop_by_year

Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-10-03, from does-ipo-gmp-predict-listing-gains.

as of ranking 10×4read in context →
pop_by_year — 10 rows by 4 columns, computed from US exchange, SIP and OPRA data.
listing_yearlistingsmedian_offer_to_open_pctmedian_offer_to_close_pct
201714888.8
201817813.914.2
2019170710.3
202025914.410.3
20213603.53.5
2022610.40.2
2023962.72.3
20241591.21.2
20252811.21.2
20261660.20.1
Rows × columns
10 × 4
Computed
Completeness
No missing values
Source
US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
Licence
Strasmore terms · free, no signup
Formats
JSON · CSV · the SQL below

What each column holds

Column definitions for pop_by_year, derived from the stored result.
ColumnTypeRangeNotes
listing_year text 10 distinct values (2017, 2018, 2019…)
listings number 61 to 360
median_offer_to_open_pct number 0.2 to 14.4 percent
median_offer_to_close_pct number 0.1 to 14.2 percent

Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.

Run it yourself

This is the exact query behind the result above. Change a ticker, a date or a column and run it against the warehouse — no account, no key. The no-signup tier is smaller than the one this page was computed on; a query that reaches past it comes back saying which plan runs it.

WITH day_one AS
(
    SELECT
        i.ticker                                                 AS ticker,
        i.list_date                                              AS list_date,
        (toFloat64(d.open_px)  / i.offer_price - 1) * 100        AS offer_to_open,
        (toFloat64(d.close_px) / i.offer_price - 1) * 100        AS offer_to_close,
        (toFloat64(d.close_px) / toFloat64(d.open_px) - 1) * 100 AS open_to_close,
        toFloat64(d.open_px) * toFloat64(d.day_volume)           AS day1_turnover
    FROM
    (
        SELECT
            ticker,
            toDate(argMax(listing_date, last_updated))         AS list_date,
            argMax(toFloat64(final_issue_price), last_updated) AS offer_price
        FROM global_markets.stocks_ipos
        WHERE listing_date >= '2017-01-01'
          AND listing_date <  '2026-09-01'
          AND final_issue_price > 0
          AND currency_code = 'USD'
          AND ticker NOT IN ('SPCX')
        GROUP BY ticker
    ) AS i
    INNER JOIN
    (
        SELECT
            ticker,
            date,
            max(open)   AS open_px,
            max(close)  AS close_px,
            max(volume) AS day_volume
        FROM global_markets.stocks_daily_aggs
        WHERE date >= '2017-01-01'
          AND date <  '2026-09-01'
        GROUP BY ticker, date
    ) AS d
        ON d.ticker = i.ticker AND d.date = i.list_date
    WHERE d.day_volume > 0
      AND d.open_px > 0
      AND i.offer_price > 0
)
SELECT
    toString(toYear(list_date)) AS listing_year,
    count()                     AS listings,
    round(quantileDeterministic(0.5)(offer_to_open,  cityHash64(ticker)), 1) AS median_offer_to_open_pct,
    round(quantileDeterministic(0.5)(offer_to_close, cityHash64(ticker)), 1) AS median_offer_to_close_pct
FROM day_one
GROUP BY listing_year
HAVING count() >= 5
ORDER BY listing_year
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