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US sessions each year that land an hour earlier in Germany

Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-11-07, from US Market Hours in German Time (CET/CEST).

as of table 5×6read in context →
US sessions each year that land an hour earlier in Germany — 5 rows by 6 columns, computed from US exchange, SIP and OPRA data.
yearmismatch_sessionsmismatch_open_germanmismatch_close_germanaligned_open_germanaligned_close_german
20211514:March21:March15:January22:January
20221514:March21:March15:January22:January
20231514:March21:March15:January22:January
20241914:March21:March15:January22:January
20252014:March21:March15:January22:January
Rows × columns
5 × 6
Computed
Completeness
No missing values
Source
US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
Licence
Strasmore terms · free, no signup
Formats
JSON · CSV · the SQL below

What each column holds

Column definitions for US sessions each year that land an hour earlier in Germany, derived from the stored result.
ColumnTypeRangeNotes
year text 5 distinct values (2021, 2022, 2023…)
mismatch_sessions number 15 to 20
mismatch_open_german text 1 distinct value (14:March)
mismatch_close_german text 1 distinct value (21:March)
aligned_open_german text 1 distinct value (15:January)
aligned_close_german text 1 distinct value (22:January)

Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.

Run it yourself

This is the exact query behind the result above. Change a ticker, a date or a column and run it against the warehouse — no account, no key. The no-signup tier is smaller than the one this page was computed on; a query that reaches past it comes back saying which plan runs it.

SELECT
    toString(toYear(session_date))     AS year,
    countIf(gap_hours = 5)             AS mismatch_sessions,
    anyIf(german_open, gap_hours = 5)  AS mismatch_open_german,
    anyIf(german_close, gap_hours = 5) AS mismatch_close_german,
    anyIf(german_open, gap_hours = 6)  AS aligned_open_german,
    anyIf(german_close, gap_hours = 6) AS aligned_close_german
FROM
(
    SELECT
        date AS session_date,
        formatDateTime(toTimeZone(toDateTime(concat(toString(date), ' 09:30:00'), 'America/New_York'), 'Europe/Berlin'), '%H:%M') AS german_open,
        formatDateTime(toTimeZone(toDateTime(concat(toString(date), ' 16:00:00'), 'America/New_York'), 'Europe/Berlin'), '%H:%M') AS german_close,
        toHour(toTimeZone(toDateTime(concat(toString(date), ' 09:30:00'), 'America/New_York'), 'Europe/Berlin')) - 9            AS gap_hours
    FROM global_markets.stocks_daily_aggs
    WHERE ticker = 'SPY'
      AND date >= toStartOfYear(today() - INTERVAL 5 YEAR)
      AND date <  toStartOfYear(today())
)
GROUP BY year
ORDER BY year
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