STRASMORE/EXPLORE 2,170 QUERIES

Share of the session spent at each quoted spread, three names

Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-08-13, from Half-Penny Tick Sizes Under Rule 612.

as of ranking 5×4read in context →
Share of the session spent at each quoted spread, three names — 5 rows by 4 columns, computed from US exchange, SIP and OPRA data.
quoted_spreadaapl_pctf_pctgs_pct
1 cent68.999.80.3
2 cents190.20.2
3 cents7.800.2
4 cents3.100.3
5 cents or wider1.2098.9
Rows × columns
5 × 4
Computed
Completeness
No missing values
Source
US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
Licence
Strasmore terms · free, no signup
Formats
JSON · CSV · the SQL below

What each column holds

Column definitions for Share of the session spent at each quoted spread, three names, derived from the stored result.
ColumnTypeRangeNotes
quoted_spread text 5 distinct values (1 cent, 2 cents, 3 cents…)
aapl_pct number 1.2 to 68.9 percent
f_pct number 0 to 99.8 percent
gs_pct number 0.2 to 98.9 percent

Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.

the exact SQL behind every number
WITH per_second AS
(
    SELECT
        ticker,
        toDateTime(sip_timestamp)  AS quote_second,
        max(toFloat64(bid_price))  AS best_bid,
        min(toFloat64(ask_price))  AS best_ask
    FROM global_markets.cache_stocks_quotes
    WHERE ticker IN ('AAPL', 'F', 'GS')
      AND sip_timestamp >= '2026-08-05 13:30:00'
      AND sip_timestamp <  '2026-08-05 20:00:00'
      AND bid_price > 0
      AND ask_price > 0
    GROUP BY ticker, quote_second
),
graded AS
(
    SELECT
        ticker,
        least(toUInt16(round((best_ask - best_bid) * 100)), 5) AS spread_cents
    FROM per_second
    WHERE best_ask > best_bid
),
totals AS
(
    SELECT
        ticker,
        count() AS quoted_seconds
    FROM graded
    GROUP BY ticker
),
shares AS
(
    SELECT
        g.ticker                        AS ticker,
        g.spread_cents                  AS spread_cents,
        count() / any(t.quoted_seconds) AS time_share
    FROM graded AS g
    INNER JOIN totals AS t ON t.ticker = g.ticker
    GROUP BY g.ticker, g.spread_cents
)
SELECT
    if(spread_cents >= 5,
       '5 cents or wider',
       concat(toString(spread_cents), if(spread_cents = 1, ' cent', ' cents'))) AS quoted_spread,
    round(100 * sumIf(time_share, ticker = 'AAPL'), 1) AS aapl_pct,
    round(100 * sumIf(time_share, ticker = 'F'), 1)    AS f_pct,
    round(100 * sumIf(time_share, ticker = 'GS'), 1)   AS gs_pct
FROM shares
GROUP BY spread_cents
ORDER BY spread_cents ASC

Run your own version of this

The same 22 years of US equities and 12 years of options data are queryable in SQL or plain English. A free account runs 100 queries a day and takes no card.

More from this analysisHalf-Penny Tick Sizes Under Rule 612
Average quoted spread and time on the penny floor, pinned session ranking 8×3 What one cent is worth, as a share of the closing price ranking 8×3 Share of each 15 minute bucket spent at a one cent quoted spread series 30×3 What one cent is worth, by share price band ranking 8×3 Share of prints that landed on a sub-penny price ranking 7×3 AAPL sub-penny print rate by trade size, 17 June 2026 ranking 5×3 See all 2,170 queries →