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SPY calendar-year price return against a 15% cap and 9% buffer

Answered against 22 years of US equities and 12 years of US options data and published with the query that produced it. This result is stored as of 2026-08-12, from How Buffer ETFs Work: Caps and Resets.

as of ranking 12×3read in context →
SPY calendar-year price return against a 15% cap and 9% buffer — 12 rows by 3 columns, computed from US exchange, SIP and OPRA data.
outcome_yearindex_return_pctfund_return_pct
201412.412.4
2015-0.80
201611.211.2
201718.515
2018-70
201928.715
202015.115
202128.815
2022-19.9-10.899999999999999
202324.815
20242415
202516.615
Rows × columns
12 × 3
Computed
Completeness
No missing values
Source
US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data
Licence
Strasmore terms · free, no signup
Formats
JSON · CSV · the SQL below

What each column holds

Column definitions for SPY calendar-year price return against a 15% cap and 9% buffer, derived from the stored result.
ColumnTypeRangeNotes
outcome_year text 12 distinct values (2014, 2015, 2016…)
index_return_pct number -19.9 to 28.8 percent
fund_return_pct number -10.9 to 15 percent

Computed from Strasmore's warehouse of US exchange, SIP and OPRA market data. Equity prices are delayed; options greeks and implied volatility are end-of-day. This result is stored, not recomputed on load — it is exactly the numbers that were returned on , and the query below is what returned them.

the exact SQL behind every number
SELECT
    outcome_year,
    index_return_pct,
    multiIf(index_return_pct >  15.0, 15.0,
            index_return_pct >=  0.0, index_return_pct,
            index_return_pct >= -9.0, 0.0,
            index_return_pct + 9.0) AS fund_return_pct
FROM
(
    SELECT
        toString(toYear(date)) AS outcome_year,
        round((toFloat64(argMax(close, date)) / toFloat64(argMin(close, date)) - 1) * 100, 1) AS index_return_pct
    FROM global_markets.stocks_daily_aggs
    WHERE ticker = 'SPY'
      AND date >= '2014-01-01'
      AND date <  '2026-01-01'
    GROUP BY toYear(date)
)
ORDER BY outcome_year

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