{"slug":"what-breaks-an-options-backtest","qid":"contract_universe","label":"Traded per-contract records by underlying, August 2021 onward","post_title":"What Breaks an Options Backtest","post_url":"/blog/what-breaks-an-options-backtest#q-contract_universe","columns":["symbol","contract_count","distinct_contracts","contract_days_readable","distinct_contracts_readable","coverage_from","coverage_to"],"rows":[{"symbol":"SPY","contract_count":9651004,"distinct_contracts":433443,"contract_days_readable":"9.65 million","distinct_contracts_readable":"433.44 thousand","coverage_from":"Jun 2014","coverage_to":"Oct 2026"},{"symbol":"NVDA","contract_count":3887480,"distinct_contracts":117996,"contract_days_readable":"3.89 million","distinct_contracts_readable":"118.00 thousand","coverage_from":"Jun 2014","coverage_to":"Oct 2026"},{"symbol":"AAPL","contract_count":2933737,"distinct_contracts":85981,"contract_days_readable":"2.93 million","distinct_contracts_readable":"85.98 thousand","coverage_from":"Jun 2014","coverage_to":"Oct 2026"},{"symbol":"MSFT","contract_count":2552633,"distinct_contracts":79832,"contract_days_readable":"2.55 million","distinct_contracts_readable":"79.83 thousand","coverage_from":"Jun 2014","coverage_to":"Oct 2026"},{"symbol":"KO","contract_count":710501,"distinct_contracts":33059,"contract_days_readable":"710.50 thousand","distinct_contracts_readable":"33.06 thousand","coverage_from":"Jun 2014","coverage_to":"Oct 2026"}],"shape":"table","sql":"SELECT\n    underlying_symbol                             AS symbol,\n    count()                                       AS contract_count,\n    countDistinct(ticker)                         AS distinct_contracts,\n    formatReadableQuantity(count())               AS contract_days_readable,\n    formatReadableQuantity(countDistinct(ticker)) AS distinct_contracts_readable,\n    formatDateTime(min(date), '%b %Y')            AS coverage_from,\n    formatDateTime(max(date), '%b %Y')            AS coverage_to\nFROM global_markets.options_greeks\nWHERE underlying_symbol IN ('SPY', 'AAPL', 'MSFT', 'NVDA', 'KO')\n  AND iv_converged = 1\n  AND volume > 0\nGROUP BY symbol\nORDER BY contract_count DESC","computed_at":"2026-10-07T15:18:24.708089+00:00","elapsed":0.002736436}